In Kohlberg's theory, which stage is focused on obedience to authority and social-order maintenance?

• A. Stage 1
• B. Stage 2
• C. Stage 4
• D. Stage 3

Answer: (C)

In Kohlberg’s theory, the stage that emphasizes obedience to authority and maintaining social order is grounded in the belief that laws and rules are essential for a functioning society. Moral reasoning at this stage centers on duty, the obligation to uphold laws, and respect for institutional authority because doing so preserves order and protects the welfare of the community. It’s not about personal gain or getting others to like you; it’s about adherence to rules and the rationale that disrupting them would lead to chaos or harm to society. This focus on law and order differentiates it from earlier stages, which are more about avoiding punishment or pursuing individual interests, and from later stages that prioritize universal ethical principles.