Which term describes unjust practices of large organizations codified into procedures?

• A. Prejudice
• B. Stereotypes
• C. Institutional discrimination
• D. Social learning

Answer: (C)

Institutional discrimination describes unjust practices embedded in the rules and procedures of large organizations. It captures how policies, practices, and norms within institutions can produce unequal outcomes for different groups, even when individuals inside the organization don’t intend harm. The key idea is that the bias is built into the system itself, not just in personal attitudes.

If we compare with the other terms: prejudice is an individual attitude or bias toward a group, not a formal rule. Stereotypes are simplified beliefs about a group, again about ideas rather than codified processes. Social learning refers to how behaviors are learned from others, not to the existence of biased procedures in institutions.