Which type of motivation is driven by external rewards and punishments?

• A. Intrinsic motivation
• B. Extrinsic motivation
• C. Social motivation
• D. Biological motivation

Answer: (B)

Extrinsic motivation is when behavior is driven by external rewards or the avoidance of punishment. People engage in a task not because they find it inherently enjoyable or interesting, but to gain something tangible like money, grades, praise, or to avoid negative consequences. This contrasts with intrinsic motivation, where the activity itself is rewarding. Social motivation involves rewards from others, such as acceptance or status, and biological motivation relates to basic physiological needs like hunger or thirst. Recognizing extrinsic motivation helps explain why someone might perform a task mainly for a payoff rather than for personal interest.